ROLE OF SWAMI VIVEKANANDA’S MAN MAKING EDUCATION IN PRESENT EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM IN INDIA

Education is not the amount of information that is put into your brain and runs riot there, undigested all your life. We must have life-building, man making, character making and assimilation of ideas. We want that education by which character is formed, strength of mind is increased, the intellect is expanded and by which one can stand on one’s own feet.

-Swami Vivekananda

In India, illiteracy of a large number of people has turned the visions of “Education For all” into empty dreams. Especially, population explosion has put a heavy pressure on its available infrastructure. India’s effective literacy rate has recorded a 9.2 per cent rise to reach 74.04 per cent, according to provisional data of the 2011 census released today.

Interestingly, literacy rate improved sharply among females as compared to males. While the effective literacy rate for males rose from 75.26 to 82.14 per cent marking a rise of 6.9 per cent, it increased by 11.8 per cent for females to go from 53.67 to 65.46 per cent. According to provisional totals of the latest census, literates constitute 74 per cent of total population aged seven and above.

As per recently concluded census 2011, Literacy rate in India has shot significantly from 64. 08 to 74. 04%. About 110 million women literates added in the recent decade compared to 107 million men literates, so gap between men literates and women literates also reduced.

In absolute number, the figure of illiterate is alarming. No nation can afford to have large number of its population to remain illiterate, ignorant and unskilled.

Today we live in twenty first century. It is an age if inventions and make innovations. So, what do you want from education system: to make you just a 'LITERATE' or an 'EDUCATED'. The very word education is derived from the word "Educaire" which means "to bring up".

The great Phislosopher Socrrates had said "Education is not the filling of a vessel but the kindling of a flame". The word Education itself comes from the word "Educere" which means to bring out what is already in and not blindly stuff in. The purpose of Education is to detect talent proactively.

What is education? Is it book-learning? No. Is it diverse knowledge? Not even that. The training by which the current and expression of will are brought under control and become fruitful is called education. In the past , because of the method of education, education remained confined within a very small section of the society.

In ancient India knowledge was passed on orally from one generation to another. Modern education system was implanted by British rulers. The main purpose of it was to prepare Indian clerks for running local administration.

Education in India is not for bread or money oriented but it should be life-oriented. Education is not the amount of information that it is put into your brain and remains there undigested all your life .We must have life-building, man-making, character, assimilating fine ideas and making them your life and character goes a proverb.

The really critical aspect of Indian public education system is its low quality. The actual quantity of schooling that children experience and the quality of teaching they receive are extremely insufficient in government schools. A common feature in all government schools is the poor quality of education, with weak infrastructure and inadequate pedagogic attention.

Education must also impart good vocational and physical training and inculcate values to respect all vocations. Last but not the least, people keep talking of instilling "values".

Practical knowledge is best Osho specified that there is a difference between knowledge (Bookish) and knowing(experience). With role plays and group dynamics, the latter can be imparted in some disciplines and not left to the vagaries of practical experience.

Unfortunately, Education has become a business and nobody is bothered about the real purpose of education and one ends up paying more in donation and not getting any real education. Its a loss both ways like "Heads I win, Tails you lose". Whether it is education or anything else, unless there is a continuous and consistent monitoring mechanism, nobody shall be accountable and nothing shall have lasting success.

Today's education produces only money making machines. The moral values are getting eroded. Social fabric is getting weakened. We are imparting theoretical knowledge based education. We have to make the children more aware on socialness. Even the information being given is very much non uniform in all the states. Due to lack of proper implementation it is now becoming very misleading.

But if we see the current scenario there is a rampant corruption, crime, unlawful activities, exploitation taking a toll on India. Then how can we boast about our literacy rate when this has failed to achieve the basic purpose of empowered society which we wish to achieve. It's the fault in our education system and hence its badly need a reform.
According to me; the pratical knowledge is more important then all the things. The schools and colleges have forgotten the values and religion and rather they have made this as a business and tension for families and students. Everyone needs marks jobs. What about knowledge and entreprenuership think about it indians. In olden days peoples are studied for to get knowldge intelegence etc but now days we are studying only for job

One of the ways in which the problem of poor quality of education can be tackled is through common schooling. This essentially means sharing of resources between private and public schools. Shift system is one of the ways through which common schooling can be achieved.

To me the very essence of education is concentration of mind, not the collecting of facts.

The education which does not help the common mass of people to equip themselves for the struggle for life, which does not bring out strength of character, a spirit of philanthropy, and the courage of a lion - is it worth the name?

In educational institutes ragging major problem arises in this time. Ragging, a colonial legacy is widespread in India’s education. Various state legislatures in India have been passing anti – ragging legislations, yet the issue is far from being resolved. Indian legal fraternity is yet to approach the problem of ragging from a perspective other that of crime. In the absence of any serious research work to that effect, ragging is hardly recognized as an issue under human rights, neither human rights fraternity in India seems to bother about ragging. Ragging , though widelt believed to be a major factor for campous violence and suicides in educational institutions in India.

India is the second largest consumer of tobacco in the world, after China. In India, tobacco use among children and youth is quite high.

The Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) 2006 reveals that the prevalence of current use of tobacco among 13–15-year-olds is 14%. The community had negative attitude towards tobacco control; ignorant about the health and economic impact of tobacco use. Tobacco use prevalence in the community was very high. Multiple forms of tobacco was in use like, smoking cigarette & bidi, chewing tobacco like gutka, khanini, pan and tobacco and apply tobacco like gul and gudaku. Young students were seen using tobacco in various forms but not openly. People were seen smoking and using smokeless tobacco in public places, i.e. on roads, in buses, in schools campus, in government offices, in temples, in bus stands, in railways platforms. Students and schools personnel were seen smoking and smokeless tobacco in the school premises in some schools. Students were seen smoking and smokeless tobacco in the way to school. Young people criticized elders in the community for their double standards. The tone of note was' they themselves use tobacco but preach us not to use the same. So our young children face this problem. Due to lack of human values and proper guidance children are faced this problem. We know that our nation future is in our children.

Coming to the education system in India it is memory based education but not activity based. As a result there are very less people with good skills and leadership qualities. I think schools in India both public and private must give some importance to activity-based education also.

"The primary purpose of a school is to guide the child’s discovery of herself and her world and to identify and mature the child’s talents. Just as each seed contains the future tree, each child is born with infinite potential.

Then in this present education system swami Vivekananda man making education is play important role for developing high values in the life. Today's education needs more practical than the theory.

According to me Indian education is one of the best in the world. But problem is in the way it is imparted, and its reach. In most of the schools and colleges emphasis is given only on theoretical knowledge and the performance of students is also judged on the basis of that. Attention on practical knowledge is very less. But sets the mindset of students the same way and demoralizing the ones who are good in practical aspects.

Real education is that which enables one to stand on his own legs. Education is not the amount of information that is put into your brain and runs riot there, undigested all your life. We must have life-building, man-making, character-making, assimilation of ideas. If you have assimilated five ideas and made them your life and character, you have more education than any man who has got by heart a whole library. Knowledge is inherent in man; no knowledge comes from outside; it is all inside. … We say Newton discovered gravitation. Was it sitting anywhere in a corner waiting for him? It was in his own mind; the time came and he found it out.

The ideal of all education, all training, should be man - making. But, instead of that, we are always trying to polish up the outside. What use in polishing up the outside when there is no inside? The end and aim of all training is to make the man grow. The man who influences, who throws his magic, as it were, upon his fellow - beings, is a dynamo of power, and when that man is ready, he can do anything and everything he likes; that personality put upon anything will make it work.

Why are we ignoring the words of Swami Vivekananda? He always used to tell one thing that the future of the nation is built only in the classrooms. Water the routes of the plant the total plant will be watered.

Vivekananda points out that the defect of the present-day education is that it has no definite goal to pursue. A sculptor has a clear idea about what he wants to shape out of the marble block; similarly, a painter knows what he is going to paint. But a teacher, he says, has no clear idea about the goal of his teaching. Swamiji attempts to establish, through his words and deeds, that the end of all education is man making.

Swami Vivekananda had said, "The education which does not help the common mass of people to equip themselves for the struggle for life, which does not bring out strength of character, a spirit of philanthropy, and the courage of a lion ... is it worth the name? Real education is that which enables one to stand on one’s own legs. The education that you are receiving now in schools and colleges is only making you a race of dyspeptics. You are working like machines merely and living a jelly-fish existence".

We have good education system, we have law and order, we have imposed so many rules to follow, and we have great intellectual power. In spite of having all these elements, why are we not able to root out the social evil, corruption, and dishonesty which have been repeatedly happening for many centuries?

Our education is making us read, write and speak. We are capable of reading the statutory warning “smoking is injurious to health” written on the cigarettes packets. But we are incapable of understanding it.

Moreover, education needs to rebuild a person. It should have the power to make a person to handle difficult situations in life which are really needed to be seen or focused on. Why an educated person or a student commits suicide when he/she gets less marks or is failed. What’s the purpose of education if it doesn’t bring meaning to life and meaning to an individual’s life. Education should make a person to human being who will become sensible, matured, caring towards others and so on… People are not even bothered to stay united. There’s a topic “UNITY IN DIVERSITY” in our books but what’s the use of that education when people don’t follow and behave like animals when some issue breaks up in our country. So you think how important it has become to change the education system.

Education is regarded as a basic infrastructure for an all-round development of a country. Indeed, it is integrally linked with the development process. In the post-Independence era, the education policy of the Government of India has been so framed as would provide free and compulsory education to all children at least up to the elementary stage. The National Policy on Education adopted in 1986 recognised the need for a literate population and provision of elementary education as a crucial input for nation building. The Programme of Action (1992) enjoined on the Government of India to work to provide education of a satisfactory quality to all children up to 14 years of age before the 21st century begins.

At present, the education system is under privatisation. therefore, it is clear that these institutions are money making . they treat the parents as customers, as stated by aparent in one of the famous TV show. if they provide the best education and exposure in all fields along with high fee, it should be really appreciated. Education is a must and it should be provided at the right time with the apt fee. To realize this, what we need is to capture the intellectual and moral energy to take full advantage of these favourable conditions, and to effect a double efficiency in our people through our educational process, namely, thought and personality – efficiency, within, and work and productive-efficiency, without. This double efficiency is the essence of a man-making education. As Vivekananda pointed out, it is only when we have restored our sunken millions to human dignity and worth that we can claim to be men; till then we shall have to treat ourselves as candidates to that high estate; and Vivekananda conceived education, and also religion, as the training to equip us to claim and to realize that high estate. So he always placed stress on a man-making education and a man-making religion. Every claim needs to stand the test of life and experience. Our claim to be a mature civilized people has today to face the challenge of the widespread human backwardness of our society. Human intelligence develops the power to identify and solve human problems through the training of that intelligence in purposive thinking and social feeling and social action. The product of such training is personality-energy and character-efficiency. It is this energy that is capable of mobilizing all types of physical and social energy resources and investing them in the social field and to make society grow in health and vigour. This is the energy that we have to develop in our people today, so that we cease to be passive spectators of human suffering, so that we cease to throw our hands up in despair and resignation, but become not only adequate, but more than adequate, to our mounting problems, so that these problems yield to the sure touch of our trained mind and hand.

Nowadays education has become a burden on student as well as the parents because the current education system has lost its value and importance and is converting into a series of problems. Education system, which leads nowhere, has disturbed the peaceful lives of parents and students.

The system of teaching with interest and making understood the subject is slowly finishing in the Present School Education system. Teachers are only teaching as a formality and are over burdening the child with homework, completing which is a new duty for the students as well as the parents. Firstly, it is over burdening on the child and secondly, it is destroying the family environment.

In true with the educational philosophy of Swamiji defines education as ‘the manifestation of the perfection already in man.’ The aim of education is to manifest in our lives the perfection, which is the very nature of our inner self. This perfection is the realization of the infinite power which resides in everything and every-where-existence, consciousness and bliss . After understanding the essential nature of this perfection, we should identify it with our inner self. For achieving this, one will have to eliminate one’s ego, ignorance and all other false identification, which stand in the way. Meditation, fortified by moral purity and passion for truth, helps man to leave behind the body, the senses, the ego and all other non-self elements, which are perishable. He thus realizes his immortal divine self, which is of the nature of infinite existence, infinite knowledge and infinite bliss.

We need the education which provides bread and butter. It should be useful for the further generation to lead their life.

Man making educations in India different systems are very useful. Relationship between the teacher and the taught is possible only in a Gurukula system of education. Therefore, Vivekananda favoured the ancient Indian Gurukula system of education. In these Gurukulas, the pupils served the teacher, who in his turn helped the pupils everywhere to achieve knowledge. Self-Development; Fulfilment of Swadharma; Freedom of Growth and Character Formation
In contrast to the contemporary system of education, Vivekananda advocated education for self-development. Education according to most of the Western educationalists, aims at man's adjustment with the environment. According to the Indian philosophical tradition true knowledge does not come from outside, it is discovered with the individual, in the self which is the source of all knowledge. According to Vivekananda, the function of education is the uncovering of the knowledge hidden in our mind.
Vivekananda supported the idea of Swadharma in education. Every one has to grow like himself. No one has to copy others. External pressure only creates destructive reactions leading to stubbornness and disorderliness. In an atmosphere of freedom, love and sympathy alone, the child will develop courage and self-reliance. He should be talked to stand on his own, to be himself. Each child should be given opportunities to develop according to his own inner nature.
Vivekananda is a staunch champion in education. Freedom is the first requirement for self development. The child should be given freedom to grow according to his own nature. The teacher should not exert any type of pressure on the child. The child should be helped in solving his problems himself. The teachers should have an attitude of service and worship. Education ultimately aims at realization. It is a means of a sorority of mankind.

Then according to swami ji ; Teach yourselves, teach everyone his real nature, call upon the sleeping soul and see how it awakes. Power will come, glory will come, goodness will come, purity will come, and everything that is excellent will come when this sleeping soul is roused to self-conscious activity.
Sister Nivedita used to say that those who knew Swami Vivekananda understood that he was one who had experienced in his own life all the truths about which he spoke. This is equally valid when he addressed the subject of education. To him education plays a vital role in curing the evils in society, and it is critical in shaping the future of humanity. Although Vivekananda did not write a book on education, he contributed valuable thoughts on the subject that are relevant and viable today. In order to understand his thoughts, we should first consider his oft-quoted definition of education – ‘Education is the manifestation of the perfection already in man”.

The right to education for everyone, guaranteed by the Constitution of India, was Vivekananda’s dream, but it is still a far cry from its goal. His idea of continual, or lifelong, education, however, has been adopted in many countries already. Moreover, because of the adoption of continuous education in these countries, our idea of what constitutes success and failure has altered, raising new hope for the weak, underprivileged section of these societies – the very people who for various reasons cannot complete their education when they are young. Vivekananda’s cry for the uplift of the downtrodden masses, particularly of the long-neglected women, has evoked a favourable response from different quarters, but societies tailor education to meet their own needs, thereby often robbing the weak of their freedom to determine their own destiny. Unless radical changes are made in all societies the poor will never be able to raise themselves. This was a major concern of the Swami.

CHAMAN LAL BANGA

B.Sc; B.Ed; M.Ed; M.A; UGC-NET(EDU.)

UGC-JRF (EDU.); UGC-NET(POL-SC)

G.S.S.S.SIRKUND CHAMBA (H.P.)